Conditional mediation of competitive strategy and environment in international entrepreneurial orientation of family businesses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/ejfbejfb.v6i2.5021Keywords:
Family business, International entrepreneurial orientation, Competitive strategy, Environment, Conditional mediationAbstract
This paper analyzes the effect of conditional mediation of environment-competitive strategy in business orientation of family businesses. In order to study the results we propose a method based on a second generation structural equation (PLS-SEM) where software SmartPLS 3.2.6 is applied to measure data of 174 Spanish family businesses. This paper presents a relevant contribution both to the academic field and the performance of family firms, helping to understand the process of transforming international entrepreneurial orientation into a better international performance through competitive strategy while family businesses invest their efforts in aligning international entrepreneurial orientation and competitive strategy with international results, bearing in mind the positive moderator effect of environment.Downloads
Metrics
References
Abdullah et al., 2009
H.H. Abdullah,Z.A. Mohamed,R. Othman,J. Uli
The effect of sourcing strategies on the relationship between competitive strategy and firm performance
International Review of Business Research Papers, 5 (2009), pp. 346-361
Allen and Helms, 2006
R.S. Allen,M.M. Helms
Linking strategic practices and organizational performance to Porter's generic strategies
Business Process Management Journal, 12 (2006), pp. 433-454
Antoncic and Hisrich, 2004
B. Antoncic,R.D. Hisrich
Corporate entrepreneurship contingencies and organizational wealth creation
Journal of Management Development, 23 (2004), pp. 518-550
Astrachan et al., 2014
C.B. Astrachan,V.K. Patel,G. Wanzenried
A comparative study of CB-SEM and PLS-SEM for theory development in family firm research
Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5 (2014), pp. 116-128
Astrachan and Shanker, 2003
J.H. Astrachan,M.C. Shanker
Family businesses’ contribution to the US economy: A closer look
Family Business Review, 16 (2003), pp. 211-219
Autio et al., 2000
E. Autio,H.J. Sapienza,J.G. Almeida
Effects of age at entry, knowledge intensity, and imitability on international growth
Academy of Management Journal, 43 (2000), pp. 909-924
Balabanis and Katsikea, 2004
G. Balabanis,E. Katsikea
Being an entrepreneurial exporter: Does it pay?
International Business Review, 12 (2004), pp. 233-252
Barclay et al., 1995
D. Barclay,C. Higgins,R. Thompson
The partial least squares (PLS) approach to causal modeling: Personal computer adoption and use as an illustration
Technology Studies, 2 (1995), pp. 285-309
Baron and Kenny, 1986
R.M. Baron,D.A. Kenny
The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51 (1986), pp. 1173-1182
Medline
Barringer and Bluedorn, 1999
B.R. Barringer,A.C. Bluedorn
The relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management
Strategic Management Journal, (1999), pp. 421-444
Baum et al., 2001
J.R. Baum,E.A. Locke,K.G. Smith
A multidimensional model of venture growth
Academy of Management Journal, 44 (2001), pp. 292-303
Bell et al., 2004
J. Bell,D. Crick,S. Young
Small firm internationalization and business strategy an exploratory study of ‘knowledge-intensive’ and ‘traditional’ manufacturing firms in the UK
International Small Business Journal, 22 (2004), pp. 23-56
Bidhé, 2000
A. Bidhé
The origin and evolution of new businesses
Oxford University Press, (2000)
Blumentritt and Danis, 2006
T. Blumentritt,W.M. Danis
Business strategy types and innovative practices
Journal of Managerial Issues, 18 (2006), pp. 274-291
Borch et al., 1999
O.J. Borch,M. Huse,K. Senneseth
Resource configuration, competitive strategies, and corporate entrepreneurship an empirical examination of small firms
Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 24 (1999), pp. 49
Brush et al., 2015
C.G. Brush,L.F. Edelman,T. Manolova
The impact of resources on small firm internationalization
Journal of Small Business Strategy, 13 (2015), pp. 1-17
Campbell-Hunt, 2000
C. Campbell-Hunt
What have we learned about generic competitive strategy? A meta-analysis
Strategic Management Journal, 21 (2000), pp. 127-154
Article
Casillas and Moreno, 2010
J.C. Casillas,A.M. Moreno
The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and growth: The moderating role of family involvement
Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 22 (2010), pp. 265-291
Cavusgil and Knight, 2015
S.T. Cavusgil,G. Knight
The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization
Journal of International Business Studies, 46 (2015), pp. 3-16
Cavusgil and Zou, 1994
S.T. Cavusgil,S. Zou
Marketing strategy–performance relationship: An investigation of the empirical link in export market ventures
Journal of Marketing, 58 (1994), pp. 1-21
Chaganti et al., 2002
R. Chaganti,R.G. Cook,W.J. Smeltz
Effects of styles, strategies, and systems on the growth of small businesses
Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 7 (2002), pp. 175
Article
Chin, 2010
W.W. Chin
How to write up and report PLS analyses
Springer, (2010)
Chrisman et al., 2004
J.J. Chrisman,J.H. Chua,R.A. Litz
Comparing the agency costs of family and non-family firms: Conceptual issues and exploratory evidence
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28 (2004), pp. 335-354
Chrisman et al., 1988
J.J. Chrisman,C.W. Hofer,W.B. Boulton
Toward a system for classifying business strategies
Academy of Management Review, 13 (1988), pp. 413-428
Ciravegna et al., 2014
L. Ciravegna,S.B. Majano,G. Zhan
The inception of internationalization of small and medium enterprises: The role of activeness and networks
Journal of Business Research, 67 (2014), pp. 1081-1089
Cohen, 1992
J. Cohen
Statistical power analysis
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1 (1992), pp. 98-101
Corona and Del Sol, 2016
J. Corona,I. Del Sol
La Empresa Familiar en España (2015)
Instituto de la Empresa Familiar, (2016)
Covin and Lumpkin, 2011
J.G. Covin,G.T. Lumpkin
Entrepreneurial orientation theory and research: Reflections on a needed construct
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35 (2011), pp. 855-872
Covin and Miller, 2014
J.G. Covin,D. Miller
International entrepreneurial orientation: Conceptual considerations, research themes, measurement issues, and future research directions
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38 (2014), pp. 11-44
Article
Covin and Slevin, 1989
J.G. Covin,D.P. Slevin
Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments
Strategic Management Journal, 10 (1989), pp. 75-87
Covin and Slevin, 1991
J.G. Covin,D.P. Slevin
A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16 (1991), pp. 7-25
Article
Covin and Wales, 2012
J.G. Covin,W.J. Wales
The measurement of entrepreneurial orientation
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36 (2012), pp. 677-702
Cruz and Nordqvist, 2012
C. Cruz,M. Nordqvist
Entrepreneurial orientation in family firms: A generational perspective
Small Business Economics, 38 (2012), pp. 33-49
Article
Dai et al., 2014
L. Dai,V. Maksimov,B.A. Gilbert,S.A. Fernhaber
Entrepreneurial orientation and international scope: The differential roles of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking
Journal of Business Venturing, 29 (2014), pp. 511-524
Dess et al., 1997
G.G. Dess,G.T. Lumpkin,J.G. Covin
Entrepreneurial strategy making and firm performance: Tests of contingency and configurational models
Strategic Management Journal, 18 (1997), pp. 677-695
Diamantopoulos et al., 2008
A. Diamantopoulos,P. Riefler,K.P. Roth
Advancing formative measurement models
Journal of Business Research, 61 (2008), pp. 1203-1218
Dimitratos et al., 2004
P. Dimitratos,S. Lioukas,S. Carter
The relationship between entrepreneurship and international performance: The importance of domestic environment
International Business Review, 13 (2004), pp. 19-41
Dowling and McGee, 1994
M.J. Dowling,J.E. McGee
Business and technology strategies and new venture performance: A study of the telecommunications equipment industry
Management Science, 40 (1994), pp. 1663-1677
Etchebarne et al., 2010
M.S. Etchebarne,V.V. Geldres,R. García-Cruz
El impacto de la orientación emprendedora en el desempeño exportador de la firma
ESIC Market Economic and Business Journal, 137 (2010), pp. 165-220
Faul et al., 2009
F. Faul,E. Erdfelder,A. Buchner,A.G. Lang
Statistical power analyses using G* Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses
Behavior Research Methods, 41 (2009), pp. 1149-1160 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
Medline
Fornell and Larcker, 1981
C. Fornell,D.F. Larcker
Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error
Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1981), pp. 39-50
Francis and Collins-Dodd, 2000
J. Francis,C. Collins-Dodd
The impact of firms’ export orientation on the export performance of high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises
Journal of International Marketing, 8 (2000), pp. 84-103
Freeman and Cavusgil, 2007
S. Freeman,S.T. Cavusgil
Toward a typology of commitment states among managers of born-global firms: A study of accelerated internationalization
Journal of International Marketing, 15 (2007), pp. 1-40
Godwin Ahimbisibwe and Abaho, 2013
M. Godwin Ahimbisibwe,E. Abaho
Export entrepreneurial orientation and export performance of SMEs in Uganda
Global Advanced Research Journal of Management and Business Studies, 2 (2013), pp. 56-62
Hair et al., 2014
F.J. Hair Jr.,M. Sarstedt,L. Hopkins,V.G. Kuppelwieser
Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research
European Business Review, 26 (2014), pp. 106-121
Hansen et al., 2011
J.D. Hansen,G.D. Deitz,M. Tokman,L.D. Marino,K.M. Weaver
Cross-national invariance of the entrepreneurial orientation scale
Journal of Business Venturing, 26 (2011), pp. 61-78
Article
Henseler et al., 2015
J. Henseler,C.M. Ringle,M. Sarstedt
A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43 (2015), pp. 115-135
Hernández-Perlines et al., 2016
F. Hernández-Perlines,J. Moreno-García,B. Yañez-Araque
The mediating role of competitive strategy in international entrepreneurial orientation
Journal of Business Research, 69 (2016), pp. 5383-5389
Hu and Bentler, 1998
L.T. Hu,P.M. Bentler
Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification
Psychological Methods, 3 (1998), pp. 424
Hult et al., 2003
G.T.M. Hult,C.C. Snow,D. Kandemir
The role of entrepreneurship in building cultural competitiveness in different organizational types
Journal of Management, 29 (2003), pp. 401-426
Iacobucci et al., 2003
D. Iacobucci,D. Grisaffe,A. Duhachek,A. Marcati
FAC-SEM: A methodology for modeling factorial structural equations models, applied to cross-cultural and cross-industry drivers of customer evaluations
Journal of Service Research, 6 (2003), pp. 3-23
Ibeh, 2003
K.I. Ibeh
Toward a contingency framework of export entrepreneurship: Conceptualisations and empirical evidence
Small Business Economics, 20 (2003), pp. 49-68
Article
Joardar and Wu, 2011
A. Joardar,S. Wu
Examining the dual forces of individual entrepreneurial orientation and liability of foreignness on international entrepreneurs
Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l’Administration, 28 (2011), pp. 328-340
Article
Jones and Coviello, 2005
M.V. Jones,N.E. Coviello
Internationalisation: Conceptualising an entrepreneurial process of behaviour in time
Journal of International Business Studies, 36 (2005), pp. 284-303
Jöreskog and Wold, 1982
K.G. Jöreskog,H.O. Wold
North Holland, (1982)
Kleinbaum et al., 1988
D.G. Kleinbaum,L.L. Kupper,K.E. Muller,A. Nizam
One-way analysis of variance
Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods, PWS-Kent Publishing Co., (1988)pp. 341-386
Knight, 2000
G. Knight
Entrepreneurship and marketing strategy: The SME under globalization
Journal of International Marketing, 8 (2000), pp. 12-32
Krauss et al., 2005
S. Krauss,M. Frese,C. Friedrich,J. Unger
Entrepreneurial orientation: A psychological model success among southern African small business owners
European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14 (2005), pp. 315-344
Kreiser et al., 2010
P.M. Kreiser,L.D. Marino,P. Dickson,K.M. Weaver
Cultural influences on entrepreneurial orientation: The impact of national culture on risk taking and proactiveness in SMEs
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34 (2010), pp. 959-983
Kropp et al., 2006
F. Kropp,N.J. Lindsay,A. Shoham
Entrepreneurial, market, and learning orientations and international entrepreneurial business venture performance in South African firms
International Marketing Review, 23 (2006), pp. 504-523
Kuivalainen et al., 2010
O. Kuivalainen,K. Puumalainen,S. Sintonen,K. Kyläheiko
Organisational capabilities and internationalisation of the small and medium-sized information and communications technology firms
Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 8 (2010), pp. 135-155
Leask and Parker, 2007
G. Leask,D. Parker
Strategic groups, competitive groups and performance within the UK pharmaceutical industry: Improving our understanding of the competitive process
Strategic Management Journal, 28 (2007), pp. 723-745
Lohrke et al., 2015
F.T. Lohrke,G.M. Franklin,V.B. Kothari
Top management international orientation and small business exporting performance: The moderating roles of export market & industry factors
Journal of Small Business Strategy, 10 (2015), pp. 13-24
Lumpkin and Dess, 1996
G.T. Lumpkin,G.G. Dess
Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance
Academy of Management Review, 21 (1996), pp. 135-172
Miles et al., 1978
R.E. Miles,C.C. Snow,A.D. Meyer,H.J. Coleman
Organizational strategy, structure, and process
Academy of Management Review, 3 (1978), pp. 546-562
Medline
Miller, 1983
D. Miller
The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms
Management Science, 29 (1983), pp. 770-791
Miller and Friesen, 1983
D. Miller,P. Friesen
Strategy making and environment: The third link
Strategic Management Journal, 4 (1983), pp. 221-235
Mintzberg, 1973
H. Mintzberg
Strategy-making in three modes
California Management Review, 16 (1973), pp. 44-53
Moreno and Casillas, 2008
A.M. Moreno,J.C. Casillas
Entrepreneurial orientation and growth of SMEs: A causal model
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32 (2008), pp. 507-528
Morgan, 2004
C. Morgan
Structure, speed and salience: Performance measurement in the supply chain
Business Process Management Journal, 10 (2004), pp. 522-536
Murray, 2001
J.Y. Murray
Strategic alliance-based global sourcing strategy for competitive advantage: A conceptual framework and research propositions
Journal of International Marketing, 9 (2001), pp. 30-58
Naidu and Prasad, 1994
G.M. Naidu,V.K. Prasad
Predictors of export strategy and performance of small-and medium-sized firms
Journal of Business Research, 31 (1994), pp. 107-115
Onetti et al., 2012
A. Onetti,A. Zucchella,M.V. Jones,P.P. McDougall-Covin
Internationalization, innovation and entrepreneurship: Business models for new technology-based firms
Journal of Management & Governance, 16 (2012), pp. 337-368 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.06.009
Medline
Parnell, 2010
J.A. Parnell
Strategic clarity, business strategy and performance
Journal of Strategy and Management, 3 (2010), pp. 304-324
Article
Pelham and Wilson, 1995
A.M. Pelham,D.T. Wilson
A longitudinal study of the impact of market structure, firm structure, strategy, and market orientation culture on dimensions of small-firm performance
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 24 (1995), pp. 27-43
Phelan et al., 2002
S.E. Phelan,M. Ferreira,R. Salvador
The first twenty years of the Strategic Management Journal
Strategic Management Journal, 23 (2002), pp. 1161-1168
Porter, 1980
M.E. Porter
Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competition
Free Press, (1980)
Rauch et al., 2009
A. Rauch,J. Wiklund,G.T. Lumpkin,M. Frese
Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33 (2009), pp. 761-787
Retrieve from http://www.iefamiliar.com/upload/documentos/ubhiccx9o8nnzc7i.pdf
Ringle et al., 2015
C.M. Ringle,S. Wende,J.M. Becker
Smart PLS 3
SmartPLS GmbH, (2015)
Retrieved from http://www.smartpls.com
Robertson and Chetty, 2000
C. Robertson,S.K. Chetty
A contingency-based approach to understanding export performance
International Business Review, 9 (2000), pp. 211-235
Robinson and Pearce, 1988
R.B. Robinson,J.A. Pearce
Planned patterns of strategic behavior and their relationship to business-unit performance
Strategic Management Journal, 9 (1988), pp. 43-60
Roldán and Sánchez-Franco, 2012
J.L. Roldán,M.J. Sánchez-Franco
Variance-based structural equation modeling: Guidelines for using partial least squares in information systems research
Research methodologies, innovations and philosophies in software systems engineering and information systems,
Russell and Russell, 1992
R.D. Russell,C.J. Russell
An examination of the effects of organizational norms, organizational structure, and environmental uncertainty on entrepreneurial strategy
Journal of Management, 18 (1992), pp. 639-656
Sapienza et al., 2006
H.J. Sapienza,E. Autio,G. George,S.A. Zahra
A capabilities perspective on the effects of early internationalization on firm survival and growth
Academy of Management Review, 31 (2006), pp. 914-933
Sarstedt et al., 2014
M. Sarstedt,C.M. Ringle,D. Smith,R. Reams,J.F. Hair Jr.
Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): A useful tool for family business researchers
Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5 (2014), pp. 105-115
Scott, 1995
W.R. Scott
Institutions and organizations
SAGE, (1995)
Sirmon et al., 2008
D.G. Sirmon,J.L. Arregle,M.A. Hitt,J.W. Webb
The role of family influence in firms’ strategic responses to threat of imitation
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32 (2008), pp. 979-998
Souza et al., 2004
G.C. Souza,B.L. Bayus,H.M. Wagner
New-product strategy and industry clockspeed
Management Science, 50 (2004), pp. 537-549
Sundqvist et al., 2012
S. Sundqvist,K. Kyläheiko,O. Kuivalainen,J.W. Cadogan
Kirznerian and Schumpeterian entrepreneurial-oriented behavior in turbulent export markets
International Marketing Review, 29 (2012), pp. 203-219
Article
Tan, 1996
J. Tan
Regulatory environment and strategic orientations in a transitional economy: A study of Chinese private enterprise
Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 21 (1996), pp. 31-47
Article
Wales et al., 2011
W. Wales,E. Monsen,A. McKelvie
The organizational pervasiveness of entrepreneurial orientation
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35 (2011), pp. 895-923
Weerawardena et al., 2007
J. Weerawardena,G.S. Mort,P.W. Liesch,G. Knight
Conceptualizing accelerated internationalization in the born global firm: A dynamic capabilities perspective
Journal of World Business, 42 (2007), pp. 294-306
Werner, 2002
S. Werner
Recent developments in international management research: A review of 20 top management journals
Journal of Management, 28 (2002), pp. 277-305
Wiklund, 1999
J. Wiklund
The sustainability of the entrepreneurial orientation–performance relationship
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24 (1999), pp. 37-48
Wiklund and Shepherd, 2003
J. Wiklund,D. Shepherd
Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-size business
Strategic Management Journal, 24 (2003), pp. 1307-1314
Wood and Robertson, 1997
V.R. Wood,K.R. Robertson
Strategic orientation and export success: an empirical study
International Marketing Review, 14 (1997), pp. 424-444
Wright et al., 2012
R.T. Wright,D.E. Campbell,J.B. Thatcher,N. Roberts
Operationalizing multidimensional constructs in structural equation modeling: Recommendations for IS research
Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 30 (2012), pp. 367-412
Zahra, 1991
S.A. Zahra
Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship: An exploratory study
Journal of Business Venturing, 6 (1991), pp. 259-285
Zahra, 1993
S.A. Zahra
Environment, corporate entrepreneurship, and financial performance: A taxonomic approach
Journal of Business Venturing, 8 (1993), pp. 319-340
Zahra and Covin, 1995
S.A. Zahra,J.G. Covin
Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship–performance relationship: A longitudinal analysis
Journal of Business Venturing, 10 (1995), pp. 43-58
Zahra and Garvis, 2000
S.A. Zahra,D.M. Garvis
International corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance: The moderating effect of international environmental hostility
Journal of Business Venturing, 15 (2000), pp. 469-492
Zahra et al., 1997
S.A. Zahra,D.O. Neubaum,M. Huse
The effect of the environment on export performance among telecommunications new ventures
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 22 (1997), pp. 25-46
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright generates two different rights: moral rights and patrimonial rights that EJFB recognizes and respects. Moral rights are those relating to the recognition of the authorship. They are rights of a personal nature that are perpetual, inalienable, unseizable and imprescriptible as consequence of the indivisible union of the author and his/her work. Patrimonial rights are those that can be derived from the reproduction, distribution, adaptation or communication of the work, among others.
Authors who publish in EJFB retain the copyright of their work and grant the right of its first publication to the journal in open access. EJFB is authorized to reproduce, distribute, disseminate or communicate the work under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 License. This means that you are free to share and adapt this work under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit to its author(s), which implie the right to be reconognized and cited correctly.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
.png){kind=logo}
27.png)
