Cambios en el uso de medios digitales de los niños y variables parentales durante la pandemia de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/escpsi.17.2.2024.19699Palabras clave:
medios digitales, infancia temprana, pandemia, estilo parentalResumen
La pandemia de COVID-19 tiene el potencial de aumentar el uso de las tecnologías por parte de la infância temprana y plantear desafíos específicos para los padres. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la dinámica y las asociaciones entre la percepción de cambio en el uso de los medios digitales durante la pandemia, las variables parentales (pérdida de apoyo social, síntomas de trastornos mentales comunes (TMC), estrés percibido, autoeficacia parental y satisfacción) y la edad del niño. Participaron 231 padres (M=33,84 años; DE=4,84; 91.80% mujeres) de niños de hasta 36 meses. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Cuestionario de Datos Sociodemográficos; Cuestionario de uso de medios; Cuestionario de Autoinforme (SRQ-20); Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS-4); Escala de sentido de competencia parental (PSOC). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y análisis de redes de correlación parcial regularizados. Los resultados indican una percepción de mayor tiempo de uso y la inserción de nuevos dispositivos en la rutina de los niños. Se encontraron altas tasas de pérdida de apoyo social, estrés percibido y síntomas de TMC. La pérdida de apoyo social y la edad del niño estuvieron fuertemente asociadas con cambios en el patrón de uso. La percepción de un mayor tiempo de uso resultó relevante desde el punto de vista de la intervención, así como de las medidas de salud mental y la pérdida de apoyo social.
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