Revista Electrónica de Comunicaciones y Trabajos de ASEPUMA
type: channel
description: Rect@ are the initial letters from Revista Electrónica de Comunicaciones y Trabajos de ASEPUMA. This journal is a initiative developed by the asociation ASEPUMA (Asociación de Profesores Universitarios de Matemáticas aplicadas a la Economía y la Empresa) in order to disseminate the scientific works in the topics related to the quantitative methods applied to the economics and business administration field.
publisher: UMA Editorial. Universidad de Málaga
language: en
publication name: Revista Electrónica de Comunicaciones y Trabajos de ASEPUMA
issn: 1575-605X
items: BIG DATA IN MULTIPLE TRIANGULATION FOR THE STUDY OF YOUTH EMPLOYABILITY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SPAIN
items: Geographically Variable Human Capital: Trigger for Job
items: Incidencia de algunos determinantes sociodemográficos y el carácter de ser empresa familiar en las competencias digitales de los gestores de microempresas y PYMES
items: Financial Economic Evaluation for the Production of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Preserves, Ancash - Peru
items: Modelización del precio del agua ajustado al consumo real mediante una curva sigmoide:
items: From university to labor market:
items: Higher education and student satisfaction:
items: Dinámica de la estructura de precios en Uruguay
items: Movimiento de una partícula en una piscina de acuicultura mediante una ecuación diferencial estocástica de Langevin basada en MCMC
items: Inclusión de futuros de energía eléctrica en portafolios de acciones
items: Contributing to solving a one-dimensional cutting stock problema with two objectives based on the generation of cutting patterns
items: Una metodología estocástica para determinar la rentabilidad financiero-actuarial-fiscal de una renta de supervivencia con primas periódicas
items: Cambios en el comportamiento turístico tras la COVID-19: hacia un nuevo perfil del turista y del viaje de ocio en España.
items: Implementación de un modelo score para el otorgamiento en una cartera de microcrédito
items: Self-Organization and Multifractality in Inflation and Price Systems
items: Effect of transparency on municipal revenues and expenditures in Spain
items: Reserva matemática actuarial para la extracción de recursos no-renovables a partir de variables de pérdida no-negativas
items: Metodologías para la medición de las competencias financieras: un análisis de cuestionarios
items: Impacto del COVID-19 en la eficiencia de fondos de inversión
items: Ordenaciones de conjuntos de alternativas considerando similitudes: una panorámica
items: Vulnerabilidad y resiliencia en la España vaciada
items: Análisis multiobjetivo y modelos de regresión. Una aplicación para analizar el bienestar de los estudiantes españoles
items: Analyzing a macroprudential instrument during the COVID-19 pandemic using border collision bifurcation
items: The effect of IFRS adoption on the value relevance of accounting information: the case of Colombian bank
items: Development of a well-being and quality of life ranking for the regions of the European Union through a synthetic indicator
items: Mental well-being of PhD students and postdoctoral researchers in Economics, Business Administration, and statistics
items: Modelos matemáticos y políticas de patentes.
items: Instruments for the analysis of orders based on multi-criteria methods. Application to Iberoamerican universities
items: Women and their development in the Spanish rural world
items: A healthy and sustainable diet is possible: Designing personalized menus with multi-objective programming

BIG DATA IN MULTIPLE TRIANGULATION FOR THE STUDY OF YOUTH EMPLOYABILITY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SPAIN
type: item
description: The multiple triangulation of new empirical sources and research methods with qualitative and quantitative techniques emerges as an empirical methodology capable of overcoming the limitations of traditional sources for the study of youth employability and rural development. In this way, triangulation strengthens the empirical results and reduces biases, thanks to the complementarity of new techniques such as bibliometrics, Big Data analysis, and others, along with traditional methods like case studies and structural analysis. In this paper, we illustrate the use of triangulation in studying the youth labor market and economic activities in rural areas in Spain. The empirical evidence obtained identifies some structural factors hindering youth employability, and others offering important avenues for employment, such as digitization and energy transition.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Rural youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Big Data
  topic: keywords
subject: triangulation
  topic: keywords
subject: business niches
  topic: keywords
subject: employment
  topic: keywords
subject: sources
  topic: keywords
subject: new rurality
  topic: keywords
creator: María Ángeles Rubio Gil
creator: María Dolores Sánchez-Sánchez
creator: Francisco Forcadell Martínez
creator: Wen Lou
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 María Dolores Sánchez-Sánchez, María Ángeles Rubio Gil, Francisco Forcadell Martínez, Wen Lou https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-17
publication date: 2025-06-17
starting page: 79
ending page: 97
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.2.2025.20847

Geographically Variable Human Capital: Trigger for Job
type: item
description: This research measures how much human capital contributes to job creation at the regional level. It aims to measure economic development through variables associated with human capital, which can generate returns such as the spillover of knowledge or the exploitation of pools of skilled labour. The data allow for the observation and measurement of employment during a period of significant economic contraction. We argue that job creation is not uniform across the territory, but that there are targeted exceptions due to the unique composition of workers, resources and other elements that regions have and the economic forces that they entail. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was used to capture regional heterogeneity, and increasing returns on human capital were found to different measures and deviations from global trends in specific places in the territory.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Employment
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographically weighted regression
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic geography
  topic: keywords
creator: Omar García-León
creator: Miguel de Nazareth Pineda Becerril
creator: Nancy Rosas Fonseca
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Omar García-León, Miguel de Nazareth Pineda Becerril , Nancy Rosas Fonseca https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-24
publication date: 2025-06-24
starting page: 99
ending page: 124
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.2.2025.21338

Incidencia de algunos determinantes sociodemográficos y el carácter de ser empresa familiar en las competencias digitales de los gestores de microempresas y PYMES
type: item
description: The aim of this paper was to analyze the effect of individual factors, including the manager’s age, educational level, seniority in the position, and the organizational factor of being a family member or not, with respect to the digital competencies of MSME managers. For this purpose, based on a non-probabilistic sample of 153 entrepreneurs in the commerce and services sector in Xalapa, Mexico, an ordinal logistic regression model was applied. The statistical results showed that younger managers tend to develop more advanced digital competences, while older managers are concentrated at intermediate levels or have gaps in certain areas. Likewise, experience in the position influences digital proficiency, as managers with a moderate track record tend to reach the highest levels with those with long tenure may experience some stagnation. In terms of educational level, postgraduate studies favor the development of digital competencies, although in family firms experience and organizational learning also a key role. These findings contribute to the theoretical body of dynamic capabilities and offer strategic recommendations to improve the digitization and competitiveness of family firms.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Micro, small and medium-sized companies
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Family business
  topic: keywords
creator: Aglaé Villalobos Escobedo
creator: César Vega-Zárate
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Aglaé Villalobos Escobedo, César Vega-Zárate https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 139
ending page: 159
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.2.2025.22101

Financial Economic Evaluation for the Production of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Preserves, Ancash - Peru
type: item
description: The current research aimed to apply a financial economic assessment for the production of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) preserves in the Ancash region – Peru. The findings identified a required investment of $27,147. The financial statements showed positive cash flows and profits at the end of the projected 5 years. The following financial indicators were calculated: Economic NPV (Net Present Value) of $12,538.95, Financial NPV of $11,865.36, Economic IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of 27%, Financial IRR of 49%, and a Cost/Benefit ratio of 1.17. A Montecarlo simulation using artificial intelligence determined a probability of 92.6% and 91.7% for the Economic NPV and Financial NPV, respectively, to be positive. For the Economic IRR and Financial IRR, the probability of exceeding 10% (discount rate) was 92.6% and 93.2%, respectively.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: conservas
  topic: keywords
subject: trucha
  topic: keywords
subject: inversión
  topic: keywords
subject: finanzas
  topic: keywords
subject: inteligencia artificial
  topic: keywords
creator: Guillermo Segundo Miñan Olivos
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 GUILLERMO SEGUNDO MIÑAN OLIVOS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 125
ending page: 137
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.2.2025.22191

Modelización del precio del agua ajustado al consumo real mediante una curva sigmoide:
type: item
description: The proper determination of water billing prices is essential for sustainability. Water billing schemes are usually based on price blocks (levels), for which a specific rate is set. The challenge lies in defining an adjusted billing system according to the portion related to the variable section of the price, which depends on consumption. Block pricing does not contribute to demand elasticity. We propose a water price modeling adjusted to actual consumption through a sigmoid curve using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Our function has been validated with municipal water tariff data in Spain, as it represents an ideal scenario with a wide variety of tariffs and established tiers in each municipality. The results support that applying this function to determine billing prices based on actual consumption has significant implications, as it allows for a better price adjustment according to consumption without compromising water billing revenues or causing significant changes for the consumer. On one hand, this adjusted billing proposal would provide users with better insight into their consumption through the billed amount and, on the other hand, offer the administration improved forecasting, especially if incorporated as a variable in smart-meters. Additionally, we believe it would encourage water conservation by eliminating the perception of a flat rate inherent in block pricing scheme.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Curva sigmoide
  topic: keywords
subject: precio
  topic: keywords
subject: tarifa
  topic: keywords
subject: agua
  topic: keywords
subject: algoritmo de Levenberg-Marquardt
  topic: keywords
creator: J. Fortunato Hontoria
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 J. Fortunato Hontoria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-11-21
publication date: 2025-11-21
starting page: 161
ending page: 179
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.2.2025.21172

From university to labor market:
type: item
description: This research explores how human capital and social capital relate to the occupational status of university graduates in the Ecuadorian context. A sample of 601 graduates from Quito-Ecuador was studied, for whom it had elapsed between six months and a year since the end of their respective degree processes. In terms of human capital, the results show that recent graduates who have attended professional training programs and have more accumulated work experience are more likely to be employed. In terms of social capital, the development of strategic networking activities facilitates access to formal employment compared to those graduates who do not practice it. In contrast, membership of social organizations is significantly associated with obtaining employment only in the case of professional groups. A comparative analysis is made to determine whether the relationships of interest change according to sex and the field of knowledge of the degree. These findings provide relevant information for the understanding of the university-labor market transition process and the development of more effective job placement strategies.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Social capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Human capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Employability
  topic: keywords
subject: College graduates
  topic: keywords
subject: Ecuador
  topic: keywords
creator: Marcos Zumárraga-Espinosa
creator: Lenin Peláez-Moreno
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Marcos Zumárraga-Espinosa, Lenin Peláez-Moreno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-20
publication date: 2026-02-20
starting page: 21
ending page: 47

Higher education and student satisfaction:
type: item
description: Student performance in the teaching-learning process is shaped by a variety of contextual factors, including teaching methodology, access to technological resources, student support services, infrastructure and sanitation, and faculty engagement. This study examines student satisfaction levels at Licungo University (UL) in Mozambique, with a particular focus on students from the Zambézia province. Data were collected from 244 students enrolled in 10 undergraduate programs within the Faculty of Education, using a 20-item Likert-scale questionnaire (rated from 1 to 10), grouped into five analytical dimensions. Applying the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and Ragin’s calibration method, three causal configurations were identified as leading to high student satisfaction: (1) satisfaction with teaching methodology and technological resources, (2) the presence of quality infrastructure combined with effective instruction, and (3) strong academic support even in contexts with poor infrastructure. All configurations showed high consistency (>0.98), underscoring the interplay between pedagogical, technological, and structural dimensions. Conversely, dissatisfaction was associated with the convergence of low-quality indicators across several dimensions, with limited faculty engagement emerging as a recurring factor across all analyzed programs.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Student satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: fsQCA
  topic: keywords
subject: Pedagogical quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Technological resources
  topic: keywords
creator: Acácio Dom Luís
creator: Rafael Benítez
creator: María del Carmen Bas Cerdá
creator: Enisio Cuamba
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Acácio Dom Luís, Rafael Benítez, María del Carmen Bas Cerdá, Enisio Cuamba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-20
publication date: 2026-02-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 20

Dinámica de la estructura de precios en Uruguay
type: item
description: Understanding and predicting the inflationary phenomenon is a central problem for economists and decision-makers. Traditionally, time series econometric techniques have been used to study this phenomenon; but can complexity economics provide a complementary vision to previous studies? This work seeks to study the dynamics of the price structure of the Uruguayan economy from the perspective of complexity economics, using network analysis techniques that allow studying the relationship between the goods and services that constitute the CPI. In this work, clusters of goods and services are studied based on the dynamic behavior of prices, in turn detecting relevant price variations in this network. The results show that the relevant prices are not associated with the CPI goods divisions and that clusters are consistent with previous studies for Uruguay.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Análisis de redes
  topic: keywords
subject: índice de precios
  topic: keywords
subject: inflación
  topic: keywords
subject: análisis de comunidades
  topic: keywords
creator: Emiliano Álvarez
creator: Juan Gabriel Brida
creator: Pablo Mones
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-06-30
publication date: 2021-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 19
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.1.2021.19870

Movimiento de una partícula en una piscina de acuicultura mediante una ecuación diferencial estocástica de Langevin basada en MCMC
type: item
description: The movement of a particle in the water is known that is developed within an aquatic production pool with biofloc technology, that is vital importance, that is known by the incidence in the total costs of those production systems, in addition, the environmental effects has had by the used water in the system. In this work, a Langevin model is proposed to describe the movement of the particles that are driven by air currents. An algorithm of Monte Carlo techniques by Markov Chains is used, specifically, the Metropolis-Hasting is developed to reconstruct the states of the non-linear dynamic system that is sensitive to the initial conditions. The data is obtained from a scale experiment, the proposed methodology is shown that the methodology adequately describes those movements, cyclical patterns in short periods of time are presented. The efficiency of prediction of the model is checked that is reproduced from the estimated states with the real data. Finally, a goodness of fit measure is proposed to assess the quality of 21 22 Proao, J. S´anchez, L. y Fosado, O. the estimate, insignificant errors are obtained.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Tecnolog´ıa Biofloc
  topic: keywords
subject: Producci´on Acu´ıcola
  topic: keywords
subject: Modelo Langevin
  topic: keywords
subject: Algoritmo Metropolis-Hastings
  topic: keywords
creator: Jonathan Proao
creator: Luis Sánchez
creator: Osvaldo Fosado
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-06-30
publication date: 2021-06-30
starting page: 21
ending page: 33
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.1.2021.19871

Inclusión de futuros de energía eléctrica en portafolios de acciones
type: item
description: The purpose of this work is to measure the effect of including an electric power future contract in a portfolio of shares. The share price is modeled with a Multivariate Geometric Brownian Model, while the electricity futures model selected considers the short-term volatility of the market, the speed of reversion to the mean of the spot price and the long-term forward premium (difference between the expected stock price and the future price). This methodology is applied to a set of shares and a futures contract in the Colombian market. The results show that when including an electricity future contract in a portfolio of shares, movements of the efficient frontier of the portfolio are presented in the direction of risk reduction that do not necessarily imply a reduction in the expected return. In addition, it is observed that the lower volatility, the lower the speed of reversion to the mean and the lower the leverage level of the futures contract, the greater the contribution to portfolio diversification (lower risk for equal levels of expected profitability). On the other hand, the risk premium does not have a significant effect on the efficient frontier.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Teoría moderna de portafolios
  topic: keywords
subject: selección de portafolios
  topic: keywords
subject: gestión de riesgos
  topic: keywords
subject: futuros de energía eléctrica
  topic: keywords
subject: mercados de energía eléctrica
  topic: keywords
creator: Juan Fernando Rendón-García
creator: Alfredo Trespalacios
creator: Hernan Darío Villada-Medina
creator: Juan Gabriel Vanegas-López
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-06-30
publication date: 2021-06-30
starting page: 35
ending page: 50
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.1.2021.19872

Contributing to solving a one-dimensional cutting stock problema with two objectives based on the generation of cutting patterns
type: item
description: En las versiones clásicas del problema del material de corte, el objetivo es encontrar una solución para cortar un objeto principal en varias partes comúnmente llamadas piezas, para minimizar la pérdida total de recorte de la materia prima. Numerosos estudios han abordado este tipo de problema. Sin embargo, en las aplicaciones del mundo real, generalmente existen restricciones que hacen que la forma del problema sea diferente de la versión clásica y que sea más difícil de resolver. En este artículo se propone una técnica para resolver el problema del stock de corte unidimensional con dos objetivos, donde se busca minimizar al mismo tiempo la pérdida total de recorte de la materia prima y el número de setups a realizar. Esta técnica está constituida por dos etapas cuya primera consiste en generar todos los patrones de corte factibles y la segunda permite construir planos de corte, satisfaciendo las demandas, gracias a un subconjunto de estos patrones. Estos diferentes planes de corte representan todas las soluciones factibles, cada una de las cuales se caracteriza por un número de configuraciones y cantidad total de caídas.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Trim loss
  topic: keywords
subject: setups
  topic: keywords
subject: feasible cutting pattern
  topic: keywords
subject: feasible cutting plan
  topic: keywords
subject: cutting stock problem with two-objectives.
  topic: keywords
creator: Boualem Slimi
creator: Moncef Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-06-30
publication date: 2022-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 22
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.1.2022.19865

Una metodología estocástica para determinar la rentabilidad financiero-actuarial-fiscal de una renta de supervivencia con primas periódicas
type: item
description: This paper determines the financial-actuarial-tax return of a life annuity. Such profitability is random because it depends on the probability distribution associated to the survival of the contracting person, so a stochastic methodology is used to obtain the analytical expressions of the probability distributions of both the real and the expected returns and of some risk indicators that reflect the risk of the operation as well as its influence on the aforementioned expected return. The theoretical development is carried out considering periodic premiums under the scenarios of both pure premium and loaded premium, taking into account taxes and tax deductions. Finally, we present a numerical example that shows the applicability of the results obtained to the decision-making of the insured within a random environment with the maximum information.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Tanto efectivo anual de rentabilidad
  topic: keywords
subject: rentabilidad esperada
  topic: keywords
subject: indicadores de riesgo
  topic: keywords
subject: fiscalidad de la renta de supervivencia
  topic: keywords
creator: María José Pérez-Fructuoso
creator: Antonio Alegre-Escolano
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-06-30
publication date: 2022-06-30
starting page: 23
ending page: 36
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.1.2022.19867

Cambios en el comportamiento turístico tras la COVID-19: hacia un nuevo perfil del turista y del viaje de ocio en España.
type: item
description: The disruptive effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry has generated new needs and motivations for tourist travel. This study evaluates the effects of the pandemic on the profile and characteristics of leisure trips made by residents in Spain. Based on the microdata from the Resident Tourism Survey carried out by the INE, the logistic regression model is used to examined the relationship between the socioeconomic and demographic profile of the traveler and the characteristics of the trip with the type of destination (international or domestic) for the years 2019- 2021. The comparison of the estimated results for each year reveals that the motivation to travel abroad differs significantly between the different profiles of tourists, except for gender. The results also confirm that the characteristics of the trip were significantly different before and after the pandemic. In addition, a significant change in the preferences of the type of accommodation and transport is confirmed, along with a reduction in the differences in duration of trips to national and international destinations.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
subject: Comportamiento del turista
  topic: keywords
subject: Logit
  topic: keywords
subject: Odds ratio
  topic: keywords
subject: destino de viaje
  topic: keywords
subject: perfil de viaje
  topic: keywords
creator: Adrián Mendieta-Aragón
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-06-30
publication date: 2022-06-30
starting page: 37
ending page: 51
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.1.2022.19868

Implementación de un modelo score para el otorgamiento en una cartera de microcrédito
type: item
description: Financial institutions seek every day to reduce operating costs related to the granting of credit, for this purpose a score model is developed to achieve this objective. This work uses the methodologies of logistic regression and discriminant analysis, taking as a reference a database made up of 469,996 clients belonging to the microcredit modality, of which there are qualitative and quantitative variables. The objective is to find the best model that allows to have the best estimate and that shows benefits when having a score model. It is concluded that logistic regression is the model that best differentiates and predicts good customers from bad ones, managing to reduce the level of expected losses.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Microcrédito
  topic: keywords
subject: riesgo de crédito
  topic: keywords
subject: probabilidad de incumplimiento
  topic: keywords
subject: modelo score
  topic: keywords
creator: Armando Lenin Tamara-Ayus
creator: Karem Paola Trujillo-Hernández
creator: Victor Daniel Mosquera-Peña
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-06-30
publication date: 2022-06-30
starting page: 53
ending page: 75
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.1.2022.19869

Self-Organization and Multifractality in Inflation and Price Systems
type: item
description: The analysis of price systems as complex systems is of utmost importance to understand the allocation of resources in the economy based on the interactions between agents. In this paper, the price system of the Uruguayan economy is analyzed using the consumer price index disaggregated at the product level and the general index as inputs. From the analysis of the distribution of the price variations in each period and the general price variations and performing a multifractal analysis, we obtain robust and consistent results in the sense of understanding the price variations as coming from complex systems. Main results indicate that the hypothesis of a power-law as the distribution of the analyzed series is not rejected, as well as the persistent behavior of price variations is modified by large fluctuations in the system.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Inflation
  topic: keywords
subject: Complex systems
  topic: keywords
subject: power-law distribution
  topic: keywords
subject: self-organization
  topic: keywords
subject: multifractal analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Emiliano Alvarez
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-06-30
publication date: 2022-06-30
starting page: 77
ending page: 87
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.1.2022.20455

Effect of transparency on municipal revenues and expenditures in Spain
type: item
description: Transparency is fundamental for the efficient management of government finances. This paper examines the connection between revenues, expenditures and the level of transparency of Spanish municipalities. A panel data methodology, the Juodis, Karavias and Sarafidis causality test and a mixture of ANOVA/linear dependent Dirichlet process are used. The results show a positive impact of unemployment and direct taxes on the transparency index. There is a bidirectional causality between direct taxes and the transparency index. Transparency has a positive impact on direct taxes and a negative impact on indirect taxes.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Transparency
  topic: keywords
subject: local governments
  topic: keywords
subject: causality
  topic: keywords
subject: taxation
  topic: keywords
creator: Javier Cifuentes-Faura
creator: Mihaela Simionescu
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 89
ending page: 93
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.2.2022.19874

Reserva matemática actuarial para la extracción de recursos no-renovables a partir de variables de pérdida no-negativas
type: item
description: Based on the traditional definition of the actuarial mathematical reserve of a whole life insurance, the mathematical reserve for a non-renewable resource is constructed and studied, which considers the extraction dynamics of this resource as part of the benefit obtained. Although nonrenewable resources are finite, it is assumed that the future lifetime of the resource has an infinite time horizon, and that its distribution is in one of the forms Exponential, Weibull, Gamma, and Chen. A method is also presented that combines a recursive process with the trapezoid rule which, more generally, allows calculating the components of the mathematical reserve, regardless of the complexity of the distribution or the parameters of the future lifetime for the non renewable resource.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Reserva matem´atica actuarial
  topic: keywords
subject: programaci´on din´amica
  topic: keywords
subject: recurso no-renovable
  topic: keywords
subject: proceso recursivo
  topic: keywords
subject: regla del trapecio
  topic: keywords
subject: juegos diferenciales
  topic: keywords
creator: Rigoberto Real-Miranda
creator: José Daniel López-Barrientos
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 95
ending page: 117
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.2.2022.19875

Metodologías para la medición de las competencias financieras: un análisis de cuestionarios
type: item
description: Financial literacy promotes informed financial decision-making by individuals and, by extension, contributes to the acquisition of healthy financial behaviours that promote the financial well-being of society. However, up to the present, no generalised measurable indicators have been found to assess levels of financial literacy. The purpose of this research is to analyse and interpret the reviewed academic productions that provide empirical and theoretical data on the measurement of the levels of financial education of the population, providing a synthesis of the studies developed since 1940, which are mainly based on tests and surveys. A simplification of the PRISMA statement linked to the content reviews is carried out, making it possible to examine through its temporal evolution the specific sources in which they appear, the objectives pursued, as well as the findings, conclusions, and recommendations for raising financial knowledge and for maintaining financial habits that enable effective management of the personal economy.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Conocimientos financieros
  topic: keywords
subject: competencias financieras
  topic: keywords
subject: cuestionarios
  topic: keywords
subject: medición
  topic: keywords
creator: Ester Muñoz-Céspedes
creator: Raquel Ibar-Alonso
creator: Miguel Cuerdo-Mir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 119
ending page: 136
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.2.2022.19876

Impacto del COVID-19 en la eficiencia de fondos de inversión
type: item
description: In recent decades, investors have been concerned not only with obtaining returns on their portfolios, but also with matching these returns with ethical values related to environmental protection, social responsibility and governance. Thus arises the so-called Socially Responsible Investment, being socially responsible mutual funds one of its most important instruments. In this paper, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been considered to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the efficiency of UK socially responsible mutual funds. For this, we have divided our study period into two: pre-COVID and COVID. In this way we will be able to conclude whether there is a difference in the efficiency of the funds according to their level of social responsibility and the analyzed period. The results obtained allow us to conclude that in the pre-COVID period the most efficient funds belong to the group of those with the best ESG rating. Although this group is also the one that has been most affected by the pandemic. The opposite is concluded for the group of those with the lowest ESG rating.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Inversión socialmente responsable
  topic: keywords
subject: fondos de inversión
  topic: keywords
subject: eficiencia
  topic: keywords
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
subject: DEA
  topic: keywords
creator: Mar Arenas-Parra
creator: Raquel Quiroga-García
creator: Alonso Pérez-Hevia
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 137
ending page: 161
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.2.2022.19877

Ordenaciones de conjuntos de alternativas considerando similitudes: una panorámica
type: item
description: This article offers a common perspective for different alternative set ordering proposals. Starting from an agent that has defined a preference relation and a similarity relation over the individual alternatives, an ordering over sets of alternatives that can be very large must be established. For this, the similarities between the alternatives that belong to each of these sets will be taken into account, with this premise several management options have been proposed in independent studies. They are presented here under a common framework.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Similitudes entre alternativas
  topic: keywords
subject: diversidad de alternativas
  topic: keywords
subject: utilidad cardinal
  topic: keywords
subject: ordenaci´on de conjuntos de oportunidades
  topic: keywords
creator: Carmen Vázquez
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-12-31
publication date: 2022-12-31
starting page: 163
ending page: 169
doi: 10.24310/recta.23.2.2022.19878

Vulnerabilidad y resiliencia en la España vaciada
type: item
description: The depopulation of rural areas for the benefit of urban areas is a problem that has been brewing for some decades and that it is not possible to solve with general policies for all areas due to their heterogeneity. As a consequence of this problem, terms such as "Empty Spain" or "Depopulated Spain" have emerged, which refers to areas of Spain with a population density much lower than the rest of the country. Areas like Soria, Zamora, Teruel or León are the places that suffer the most from this problem and their inhabitants have organized themselves into movements that try to highlight the sociodemographic problems that they suffer along with the problems of infrastructure and services. However, not all areas have the same problem, but we find 5 areas with different problems whose study is necessary to do it individually. The objective of this work is to identify geographic groupings that encompass similar needs, despite geographic distance, and to identify the different types of vulnerabilities that exist in Spain. The conclusion of the research is that it is possible to create 5 unique lines of action that encompass all the areas of Empty Spain, adapted to the needs detected in each of the groups.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: España Vaciada
  topic: keywords
subject: despoblación
  topic: keywords
subject: éxodo rural
  topic: keywords
subject: España despoblada
  topic: keywords
subject: vulnerabilidad
  topic: keywords
creator: María Cortés-Ruiz
creator: Raquel Ibar-Alonso
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-12-31
publication date: 2021-12-31
starting page: 63
ending page: 75
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.2.2021.19879

Análisis multiobjetivo y modelos de regresión. Una aplicación para analizar el bienestar de los estudiantes españoles
type: item
description: In this work, a novel approach is proposed in which econometric and multiobjective optimization techniques are combined with the aim of analysing socio-economic problems. This approach consists of two stages. Firstly, a regression model is carried out, from which, in the second stage, a multiobjective optimization problem is defined. An advantage of this combination is the possibility of introducing preferences of decision makers -desired values- for solving the problem. Particularly, we apply this approach to analyse the well-being of Spanish students through four indexes (positive feelings, motivation, sense of belonging, and bullying). In recent years, studying the students’ well-being has become very relevant because of its relation with their academic performance. Thus, four regressions are obtained (one per index) with respect to a set of explanatory variables, from which the multiobjective optimization problem is built. The results obtained using interval multi-objective programming provide us information both about how the improvement of one index can affect the values of the remaining ones, and also about the student’s profile who achieves an optimum balance among the well-being indexes.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Programaci´on multiobjetivo intervalar
  topic: keywords
subject: An´alisis econom´etrico
  topic: keywords
subject: Bienestar de los estudiantes
  topic: keywords
subject: Econom´ıa de la educaci´on
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandra González-Gallardo
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-12-31
publication date: 2021-12-31
starting page: 77
ending page: 97
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.2.2021.19880

Analyzing a macroprudential instrument during the COVID-19 pandemic using border collision bifurcation
type: item
description: Bank Indonesia, the central bank of Indonesia, has made adjustment settings in a macroprudential policy instrument called macroprudential intermediation ratio (MIR) to boost loan growth in the context of national economic recovery due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, a dynamic model of bank loan with procyclicality behavior is developed, and it is equipped with the predecessor of the MIR instrument called loan-to-deposit ratio based reserve requirement (LDR-RR). We examine the effects of LDR-RR parameters on the dynamics of loan using the border collision bifurcation analysis to determine the threshold values of the LDR-RR parameters so that the stability of loan equilibrium can be maintained. This model is applied to monthly data of Indonesian commercial banks before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess the stability region of the instrument parameters.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Macroprudential policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Loan dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: Border collision bifurcation
  topic: keywords
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
creator: Monch. Fandi Ansori
creator: Novriana Sumarti
creator: Kuntjoro Adji Sidarto
creator: Iman Gunadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-12-31
publication date: 2021-12-31
starting page: 113
ending page: 125
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.2.2021.19881

The effect of IFRS adoption on the value relevance of accounting information: the case of Colombian bank
type: item
description: The value relevance of accounting information can be measured through statistical relationships between the information contained in the financial statements and stock market values or returns. In this paper, we compare the value relevance of the accounting information of eight banks listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC, for its acronym in Spanish) before and after the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). For this purpose, we use three monthly time series (book value of equity per share—representing the statement of financial position—, earnings per share—representing the comprehensive income statement—, and stock price per share) from January 2001 to December 2018. In addition, we apply panel data models based on Ohlson's model. The results show that accounting information has been relevant before and after IFRS adoption, which means that the implementation of IFRS has not increased its value relevance.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Book value
  topic: keywords
subject: Colombian banks
  topic: keywords
subject: earnings
  topic: keywords
subject: IFRS
  topic: keywords
subject: Ohlson's model
  topic: keywords
subject: value relevance
  topic: keywords
creator: Diana Milena Pacheco-Ortiz
creator: Juan Fernando Rendón-García
creator: Hernán Darío Villada-Medina
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2021-12-31
publication date: 2021-12-31
starting page: 99
ending page: 112
doi: 10.24310/recta.22.2.2021.19882

Development of a well-being and quality of life ranking for the regions of the European Union through a synthetic indicator
type: item
description: The significant heterogeneity among regions of the European Union, combined with the varying impacts of economic cycles over time, has led to greater inequality across territories. This situation has directly affected the well-being and quality of life of the population. The aim of this research is to create a ranking based on the results obtained from the Synthetic Indicator of Well-Being and Quality of Life, a multidimensional indicator based on Eurostat data at the regional level. This indicator aims to approximate the concepts of well-being and quality of life for the different regions of the European Union in the years 2000 and 2018. The results show that, in 2018, the Netherlands is the country with the most regions in the top ranks of the index. However, some regions of Serbia, Germany, France, and Spain also appear in the TOP 20. As for the lowest-ranking regions, Romanian, Bulgarian, and Greek regions occupy the most positions. Additionally, some regions in Bulgaria are the only ones that remain among the lowest ranks when comparing the years 2000 and 2018.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: well-being
  topic: keywords
subject: quality of life
  topic: keywords
subject: synthetic indicators
  topic: keywords
subject: ranking
  topic: keywords
subject: European Union regions
  topic: keywords
creator: Sergio Pérez Ruiz
creator: Rosa Santero Sánchez
creator: Miguel Ángel Marcos Calvo
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sergio Pérez Ruiz, Rosa Santero Sánchez, Miguel Ángel Marcos Calvo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-03-05
publication date: 2025-03-05
starting page: 41
ending page: 58
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.1.2025.20840

Mental well-being of PhD students and postdoctoral researchers in Economics, Business Administration, and statistics
type: item
description: This research is justified in the need to delve into the complex process through which the education of academics and scientists goes. This qualitative research consists of two complementary studies based on the evaluations of 42 PhD students and postdoctoral researchers of six public universities in Madrid, Spain, in Economics, Business Administration, and in Statistics. The interviews were held during the 2021 to 2024 academic years, each time in two specific stages. The first one was focused on motivation and satisfaction, and the second one, was on the assessment of mental well-being. From the information obtained, the objective became to identify the underlying relation between the variables considered. The responses were studied through the structured interview method. This research is a diagnosis, a first step from which to develop strategies to enhance motivation and satisfaction, as well as mechanisms to anticipate mental well-being problems.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: well-being
  topic: keywords
subject: motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: qualitative research
  topic: keywords
subject: structured interviews
  topic: keywords
creator: Sergio A. Berumen
creator: Petra Hegemann
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sergio A. Berumen, Petra Hegemann https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-01-09
publication date: 2025-01-09
starting page: 29
ending page: 39
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.1.2025.20831

Modelos matemáticos y políticas de patentes.
type: item
description: The aim of this work is to present a systematic review of recent literature on optimal patent policy ―understood as the simultaneous choice of patent length (duration) and breadth (scope)― within the framework of mathematical models representing the behaviour of an economic system or a sector of it. The search, conducted in the Scopus repository, revealed that during the period considered (2012-2022) only eight articles analyse both the length and breadth of patents within the framework of a mathematical model, none of which analyse the optimal length and breadth for complementary patents or innovations. It was also found that there is no consensus in the literature on the advisability of implementing a system of infinite length or maximum breadth patents
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: intellectual property rights
  topic: keywords
subject: patent policy
  topic: keywords
subject: optimization
  topic: keywords
creator: Leandro Meller
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Leandro Meller https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-05-12
publication date: 2025-05-12
starting page: 59
ending page: 78
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.1.2025.20797

Instruments for the analysis of orders based on multi-criteria methods. Application to Iberoamerican universities
type: item
description: Traditional multi-criteria decision-making methods can be adapted to uncertainty scenarios, allowing for rankings even when some model requirements are imprecise. In this work, we demonstrate another use of these methods: the Unweighted TOPSIS (UW-TOPSIS) method will be used to detect anomalies in rankings made with precise data. By applying UW-TOPSIS, each alternative is associated with an interval indicating its worst and best overall evaluation position in the ranking. To extract useful information from this range of possibilities, we introduce the intervention coefficient, which measures the similarity between the position of an alternative and its best possible situation. The proposal is applied to the ranking of Ibero-American universities (including Andorra, Spain and Portugal) published by SCImago IBER for the five-year period 2018-2022. Different levels detected by the intervention coefficient are studied, and an alternative ranking method that better fits the data from the database itself is proposed.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: UW-TOPSIS
  topic: keywords
subject: Multiple-criteria decision analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: SCIMAGO
  topic: keywords
subject: Iberoamerican Universities
  topic: keywords
creator: Rodrigo Andrés Pardo
creator: Carla Rojas Puebla
creator: Vicente Liern
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Rodrigo Andrés Pardo, Carla Rojas Puebla, Vicente Liern https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-11-18
publication date: 2024-11-18
starting page: 11
ending page: 28
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.1.2025.20777

Women and their development in the Spanish rural world
type: item
description: Since the beginning of the 19th century, the Spanish population has changed its distribution throughout the territory, agglomerating around the medium and large cities and this has meant that, at present, we find ourselves with territories in the centre of the peninsula that are practically uninhabited. The objective of this study is to quantify the affected territory and the percentage of the population it affects, check the demographic composition of these areas, and analyse the role played by women and their labour development. To achieve this goal, we have carried out a statistical study of binary logistic regression in which we have included population variables with gender segmentation, broadband connectivity, unemployment rates and inhabitants per building. We have come out with 3 useful models to define which are the determining factors of depopulation, with the conclusion that the demographic evolution of the female sector is decisive when a territory can become depopulated.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Depopulation
  topic: keywords
subject: “Empty Spain”
  topic: keywords
subject: “Depopulated Spain”
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Exodus
  topic: keywords
subject: Women
  topic: keywords
creator: María Cortés-Ruiz
creator: Raquel Ibar-Alonso
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 María Cortés-Ruiz, Raquel Ibar-Alonso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-10-24
publication date: 2024-10-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.24310/recta.26.1.2025.20746

A healthy and sustainable diet is possible: Designing personalized menus with multi-objective programming
type: item
description: In recent decades, dietary patterns among European countries have been replaced by les healthy alternatives. In addition, there is a growing concern to define sustainable food systems, reflected in the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, we propose a multi-objective optimization model for the design of individual menus, within the framework of Spanish customs. These must be adjusted to certain healthy conditions (nutritional and derived from the Mediterranean diet), while minimizing the cost and greenhouse gas emissions, trying to remain as similar as possible to a starting menu. To solve this combinatorial problem, metaheuristic strategies (GRASP and ILS) are applied to generate an extensive Pareto boundary. Each of the efficient solutions that define this Pareto front represents a healthy menu. In addition, in this specific case, more than a thousand efficient menus were obtained, which are more sustainable and economical alternatives to the starting menu.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Menu Planning Problem
  topic: keywords
subject: Combinatorial model
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaheuristics
  topic: keywords
subject: Palatability
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Health
  topic: keywords
creator: Francisco Martos-Barrachina
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Francisco Martos-Barrachina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-10-08
publication date: 2024-10-08
starting page: 93
ending page: 114
doi: 10.24310/recta.25.1.2024.20358