Capital humano variable geográficamente: desencadenante del empleo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/recta.26.2.2025.21338Palabras clave:
Employment, Human Capital, Econometrics, Geographically weighted regression, Economic geographyResumen
Esta investigación mide en qué medida el capital humano contribuye a la creación de empleo a nivel regional. Su objetivo es medir el desarrollo económico a través de variables asociadas al capital humano, que pueden generar beneficios tales como la difusión del conocimiento o la explotación de reservas de mano de obra cualificada. Los datos permiten observar y medir el empleo durante un período de contracción económica significativa. Sostenemos que la creación de empleo no es uniforme en todo el territorio, sino que existen excepciones específicas debido a la composición única de los trabajadores, los recursos y otros elementos que tienen las regiones y las fuerzas económicas que estos implican. Se utilizó la regresión ponderada geográficamente (GWR) para captar la heterogeneidad regional, y se encontraron rendimientos crecientes del capital humano en diferentes medidas y desviaciones de las tendencias globales en lugares específicos del territorio.
Descargas
Referencias
Acemoglu, D., & Angrist, J. (2000). How Large Are Human-Capital Externalities? Evidence from Compulsory Schooling Laws. NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 15, 9–59. https://doi.org/10.1086/654403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/654403
Adler, P., & Florida, R. (2021). The rise of urban tech: How innovations for cities come from cities. Regional Studies, 55(10–11), 1787–1800. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1962520 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1962520
Adler, P., Florida, R., King, K., & Mellander, C. (2019). The city and high-tech startups: The spatial organization of Schumpeterian entrepreneurship. Cities, 87, 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.12.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.12.013
Aghion, P., Boustan, L., Hoxby, C., & Vandenbussche, J. (2009). The causal impact of education on economic growth: Evidence from US. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1(1), 1–73.
Ali, K., Partridge, M. D., & Olfert, M. R. (2007). Can Geographically Weighted Regressions Improve Regional Analysis and Policy Making? International Regional Science Review, 30(3), 300–329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017607301609 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017607301609
Andrews, D., Criscuolo, C., & Menon, C. (2014). Do resources flow to patenting firms?: Cross-country evidence from firm level data.
Anos Casero, P., & Udomsaph, C. (2009). What drives firm productivity growth? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 4841. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4841
Armington, C., & Acs, Z. J. (2002). The Determinants of Regional Variation in New Firm Formation. Regional Studies, 36(1), 33–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400120099843 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400120099843
Atkinson-Palombo, C., & Kuby, M. J. (2011). The geography of advance transit-oriented development in metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona, 2000–2007. Journal of Transport Geography, 19(2), 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.03.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.03.014
Autant-Bernard, C., Fadairo, M., & Massard, N. (2013). Knowledge diffusion and innovation policies within the European regions: Challenges based on recent empirical evidence. Research Policy, 42(1), 196–210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.07.009
Bass, F. M., Tigert, D. J., & Lonsdale, R. T. (1968). Market Segmentation: Group versus Individual Behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 5(3), 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224376800500303 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224376800500303
Beane, T., & Ennis, D. (1987). Market segmentation: A review. European Journal of Marketing, 21(5), 20–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004695
Biagi, F., & Lucifora, C. (2008). Demographic and education effects on unemployment in Europe. Labour Economics, 15(5), 1076–1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2007.09.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2007.09.006
Boermans, M. A., Roelfsema, H., & Zhang, Y. (2011). Regional determinants of FDI in China: A factor-based approach. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 9(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/14765284.2011.542884 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14765284.2011.542884
Borensztein, E., De Gregorio, J., & Lee, J.-W. (1998). How does foreign direct investment affect economic growth? Journal of International Economics, 45(1), 115–135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(97)00033-0
Bravo-Biosca, A., Criscuolo, C., & Menon, C. (2016). What drives the dynamics of business growth? Economic Policy, 31(88), 703–742. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eiw013
Brunsdon, C., Fotheringham, A. S., & Charlton, M. (1998). Spatial Nonstationarity and Autoregressive Models. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 30(6), 957–973. https://doi.org/10.1068/a300957 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a300957
Calderon, C., & Serven, L. (2010). Infrastructure and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of African Economies, 19(Supplement 1), i13–i87. https://doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejp022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejp022
Carey, G. W. (1966). The Regional Interpretation of Manhattan Population and Housing Patterns through Factor Analysis. Geographical Review, 56(4), 551. https://doi.org/10.2307/213059 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/213059
Chang, R., Kaltani, L., & Loayza, N. V. (2009). Openness can be good for growth: The role of policy complementarities. Journal of Development Economics, 90(1), 33–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.06.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.06.011
Criscuolo, C., Gal, P. N., & Menon, C. (2014). The dynamics of employment growth: New evidence from 18 countries.
Cui, G., & Liu, Q. (2000). Regional market segments of China: Opportunities and barriers in a big emerging market. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760010309546 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760010309546
Dettori, B., Marrocu, E., & Paci, R. (2012). Total factor productivity, intangible assets and spatial dependence in the European regions. Regional Studies, 46(10), 1401–1416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2010.529288
Eckey, H.-F., Kosfeld, R., & Türck, M. (2007). Regional Convergence in Germany: A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach. Spatial Economic Analysis, 2(1), 45–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/17421770701251905 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17421770701251905
Ehrl, P., & Monasterio, L. (2021). Spatial skill concentration agglomeration economies. Journal of Regional Science, 61(1), 140–161. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12505 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12505
Eriksson, R. H., & Forslund, F. (2014). How Do Universities Contribute to Employment Growth? The Role of Human Capital and Knowledge Bases. European Planning Studies, 22(12), 2584–2604. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.849227 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.849227
Faggian, A. (2019). Human capital and regional development. In R. Capello & P. Nijkamp, Handbook of Regional Growth and Development Theories (pp. 149–171). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788970020.00015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788970020.00015
Felbermayr, G., Prat, J., & Schmerer, H.-J. (2011). Trade and unemployment: What do the data say? European Economic Review, 55(6), 741–758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.02.003
Fingleton, B. (2001). Equilibrium and Economic Growth: Spatial Econometric Models and Simulations. Journal of Regional Science, 41(1), 117–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4146.00210 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4146.00210
Fotheringham, A. S., Brunsdon, C., & Charlton, M. (2002). Geographically weighted regression: The analysis of spatially varying relationships. Wiley.
Funke, M., & Niebuhr, A. (2005). Regional Geographic Research and Development Spillovers and Economic Growth: Evidence from West Germany. Regional Studies, 39(1), 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/0034340052000321904 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0034340052000321904
Govind, R., Garg, N., & Sun, W. (2014). Geographically Varying Effects of Weather on Tobacco Consumption: Implications for Health Marketing Initiatives. Health Marketing Quarterly, 31(1), 46–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/07359683.2014.874854 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07359683.2014.874854
Greenaway, D., Hine, R. C., & Wright, P. (1999). An empirical assessment of the impact of trade on employment in the United Kingdom. European Journal of Political Economy, 15(3), 485–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-2680(99)00023-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-2680(99)00023-3
Grose, D., Brunsdon, C., & Harris, R. (2008). Introduction to Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and to Grid Enabled GWR. Lancaster University.
Guastella, G., & Van Oort, F. G. (2015). Regional Heterogeneity and Interregional Research Spillovers in European Innovation: Modelling and Policy Implications. Regional Studies, 49(11), 1772–1787. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1034668 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1034668
Gutiérrez Posada, D., Rubiera Morollón, F., & Viñuela, A. (2018). The Determinants of Local Employment Growth in Spain. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 11(3), 511–533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-017-9226-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-017-9226-6
Gutiérrez-Posada, D., Rubiera-Morollon, F., & Viñuela, A. (2017). Heterogeneity in the Determinants of Population Growth at the Local Level: Analysis of the Spanish Case with a GWR Approach. International Regional Science Review, 40(3), 211–240. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017615589009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017615589009
Hall, B. H. (2002). The Financing of Research and Development. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 18(1), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/18.1.35 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/18.1.35
Hansen, H. K., & Winther, L. (2015). Employment growth, human capital and educational levels: Uneven urban and regional development in Denmark 2002–2012. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography, 115(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/00167223.2015.1034741 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00167223.2015.1034741
Hawkins, D. I., Roupe, D., & Coney, K. A. (1981). The Influence of Geographic Sub- Cultures in the United States. Advances in Consumer Research, 8(1), 713–717.
Holl, A. (2018). Local employment growth patterns and the Great Recession: The case of Spain. Journal of Regional Science, 58(4), 837–863. https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12392 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12392
Howells, J. (2005). Innovation and regional economic development: A matter of perspective? Research Policy, 34(8), 1220–1234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.014
Huang, B., Wu, B., & Barry, M. (2010). Geographically and temporally weighted regression for modeling spatio-temporal variation in house prices. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 24(3), 383–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810802672469 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810802672469
Huggins, R., & Williams, N. (2011). Entrepreneurship and regional competitiveness: The role and progression of policy. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23(9–10), 907–932. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2011.577818 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2011.577818
Ianchovichina, E., Estache, A., Foucart, R., Garsous, G., & Yepes, T. (2013). Job Creation through Infrastructure Investment in the Middle East and North Africa. World Development, 45, 209–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.014
Jacobs, E. (2013). Principles for reforming workforce development and human capital policies in the United States. Governance Studies at Brookings, 4.
Jude, C., & Silaghi, M. I. P. (2016). Employment effects of foreign direct investment: New evidence from Central and Eastern European countries. International Economics, 145, 32–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2015.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2015.02.003
Kahle, L. R. (1986). The Nine Nations of North America and the Value Basis of Geographic Segmentation. Journal of Marketing, 50(2), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298605000203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298605000203
Kamar, B., Bakardzhieva, D., & Goaied, M. (2019). Effects of pro-growth policies on employment: Evidence of regional disparities. Applied Economics, 51(40), 4337–4367. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1591596 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2019.1591596
Kasarda, J. D., & Rondinelli, D. A. (1998). Innovative infrastructure for agile manufacturers. MIT Sloan Management Review.
Ke, X., Lin, J. Y., Fu, C., & Wang, Y. (2020). Transport Infrastructure Development and Economic Growth in China: Recent Evidence from Dynamic Panel System-GMM Analysis. Sustainability, 12(14), 5618. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145618 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145618
Kosfeld, R., Eckey, H.-F., & Dreger, C. (2006). Regional productivity and income convergence in the unified Germany, 1992–2000. Regional Studies, 40(7), 755–767. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400600959322 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400600959322
Kosfeld, R., & Lauridsen, J. (2012). Identifying Clusters within R&D Intensive Industries Using Local Spatial Methods. ERSA Conference Papers. RePEc. http://pbidi.unam.mx:8080/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsrep&AN=edsrep.p.wiw.wiwrsa.ersa12p232&lang=es&site=eds-live
Lin, T.-C. (2003). Education, technical progress, and economic growth: The case of Taiwan. Economics of Education Review, 22(2), 213–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-7757(02)00030-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7757(02)00030-4
Lloyd, C., & Shuttleworth, I. (2005). Analysing Commuting Using Local Regression Techniques: Scale, Sensitivity, and Geographical Patterning. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 37(1), 81–103. https://doi.org/10.1068/a36116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a36116
Lo, C. P. (2008). Population Estimation Using Geographically Weighted Regression. GIScience & Remote Sensing, 45(2), 131–148. https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.45.2.131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.45.2.131
López-Bazo, E., & Motellón, E. (2012). Human Capital and Regional Wage Gaps. Regional Studies, 46(10), 1347–1365. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.579092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.579092
Luo, Q., Hu, H., Feng, D., & He, X. (2022). How does broadband infrastructure promote entrepreneurship in China: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment. Telecommunications Policy, 46(10), 102440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102440 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102440
Martini, B. (2020). Resilience and economic structure. Are they related? Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 54, 62–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2020.03.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2020.03.006
Mellander, C., & Florida, R. (2021). The Rise of Skills: Human Capital, the Creative Class, and Regional Development. In M. M. Fischer & P. Nijkamp (Eds.), Handbook of Regional Science (pp. 707–719). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60723-7_18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60723-7_18
Mohanty, B., & Bhanumurthy, N. R. (2018). Regional growth policy experience in India: The spatial dimension. Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, 2(2), 479–505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41685-018-0075-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41685-018-0075-3
Mulhern, F. (1994). A comparative analysis of shopping behavior in Hispanic and non-Hispanic market areas. Journal of Retailing, 70(3), 231–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4359(94)90034-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4359(94)90034-5
Nonnis, A., Bounfour, A., & Kim, K. (2023). Knowledge spillovers and intangible complementarities: Empirical case of European countries. Research Policy, 52(1), 104611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104611 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104611
Odeleye, A. T. (2012). Education and economic growth in Nigeria: A comparative analytic approach.
Osiobe, E. U. (2019). A literature review of human capital and economic growth. Business and Economic Research, 9(4), 179–196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5296/ber.v9i4.15624
Partridge, M. D., Rickman, D. S., Ali, K., & Olfert, M. R. (2008). The Geographic Diversity of U.S. Nonmetropolitan Growth Dynamics: A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach. Land Economics, 84(2), 241–266. https://doi.org/10.3368/le.84.2.241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/le.84.2.241
Pellegrini, G., Terribile, F., Tarola, O., Muccigrosso, T., & Busillo, F. (2013). Measuring the effects of European Regional Policy on economic growth: A regression discontinuity approach. Papers in Regional Science, 92(1), 217–234. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2012.00459.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2012.00459.x
Plane, D. A., & Heins, F. (2003). Age articulation of U.S. inter-metropolitan migration flows. The Annals of Regional Science, 37(1), 107–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001680200114 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001680200114
Poelhekke, S. (2013). Human Capital and Employment Growth in German Metropolitan Areas: New Evidence. Regional Studies, 47(2), 245–263. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.571667 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.571667
Rashid, M., Anser, M. K., Shah, S. T. H., Nabi, A. A., Ahmad, I., & Zaman, K. (2025). Fostering entrepreneurship: Analyzing the influence of access to finance, innovation investment, educational attainment, infrastructure development, and regulatory environment. Future Business Journal, 11(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-025-00557-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-025-00557-z
Rodríguez-Pose, A., & Garcilazo, E. (2015). Quality of Government and the Returns of Investment: Examining the Impact of Cohesion Expenditure in European Regions. Regional Studies, 49(8), 1274–1290. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1007933 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1007933
Romer, P. M. (1994). The Origins of Endogenous Growth. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.8.1.3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.8.1.3
Roy Chaudhuri, H., & Haldar, A. K. (2005). Understanding the interrelationship between regional differences and material aspiration in the context of Indian diversity: Results of an exploratory study. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 17(4), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555850510672403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13555850510672403
Samara, E., Galanakis, K., Bakouros, I., & Skalkos, D. (2020). Effectiveness of Regional Innovation Actions: Cases from Small, Low-Innovative Regions. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 11(1), 140–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-018-0518-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-018-0518-0
Sarabia‐Sanchez, F. J., De Juan Vigaray, M. D., & Hota, M. (2012). Using values and shopping styles to identify fashion apparel segments. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 40(3), 180–199. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590551211207157 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09590551211207157
Scarpetta, S., Hemmings, P., Tressel, T., & Woo, J. (2002). The Role of Policy and Institutions for Productivity and Firm Dynamics: Evidence from Micro and Industry Data. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.308680 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.308680
Shapiro, J. M. (2006). Smart Cities: Quality of Life, Productivity, and the Growth Effects of Human Capital. Review of Economics and Statistics, 88(2), 324–335. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest.88.2.324 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/rest.88.2.324
Simon, C. J. (1998). Human Capital and Metropolitan Employment Growth. Journal of Urban Economics, 43(2), 223–243. https://doi.org/10.1006/juec.1997.2048 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/juec.1997.2048
Sun, X., & 王连明. (2020). Color classification method of natural scene based on fuzzy inference. In T. Wang, T. Chai, H. Fan, & Q. Yu (Eds.), Second Target Recognition and Artificial Intelligence Summit Forum (p. 1). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2547249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2547249
Sutton, J., & Arku, G. (2022). Regional economic resilience: Towards a system approach. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 9(1), 497–512. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2022.2092418 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2022.2092418
Teixeira, A. A. C., & Queirós, A. S. S. (2016). Economic growth, human capital and structural change: A dynamic panel data analysis. Research Policy, 45(8), 1636–1648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.04.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.04.006
Tödtling, F., & Trippl, M. (2005). One size fits all? Research Policy, 34(8), 1203–1219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.01.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.01.018
Tödtling, F., & Wanzenböck, H. (2003). Regional differences in structural characteristics of start-ups. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 15(4), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.1080/0898562032000058923 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0898562032000058923
Wang, X., & Li, M. (2022). Determinants of Regional Economic Resilience to Economic Crisis: Evidence from Chinese Economies. Sustainability, 14(2), 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020809
Woo, Y., Kim, E., & Lim, J. (2017). The Impact of Education and R&D Investment on Regional Economic Growth. Sustainability, 9(5), 676. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050676 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050676
Yang, Z. (2023). Human capital space: A spatial perspective of the dynamics of people and economic relationships. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 145. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01639-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01639-5
Yang, Z., Pan, Y., Sun, D., & Ma, L. (2022). Human Capital and International Capital Flows: Evidence from China. International Regional Science Review, 45(1), 74–107. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017621989421 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017621989421
Zhang, X., & Wang, X. (2021). Measures of human capital and the mechanics of economic growth. China Economic Review, 68, 101641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2021.101641 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2021.101641
Ziberi, B. F., Rexha, D., Ibraimi, X., & Avdiaj, B. (2022). Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Education on Economic Growth. Economies, 10(4), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10040089 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10040089
Descargas
Publicado
Dimensions
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Omar García-León, Miguel de Nazareth Pineda Becerril , Nancy Rosas Fonseca
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Cómo citar
