Cuba: The Origin of the Turn to the Atlantic and the Definition of Spanish Neoconservatism

Abstract

The shift in stance toward the Cuban regime became a central pillar in José María Aznar's alignment strategy with the United States, marking a significant break from the traditionally pro-European orientation of his predecessors. This redefinition of Spain's foreign policy not only represented a strategic turn in its international relations but also highlighted a change in the government's diplomatic priorities. Although his approach was clearly influenced by the principles of liberal-conservative thought, it cannot be said that a neoconservative movement comparable to the one developed in the United States during the same period emerged in Spain. This suggests that his strategy was driven more by political pragmatism than by a profound doctrinal shift.

In this context, his approach entailed a redefinition of priorities and a reorganization of alliances, with a clear focus on strengthening the transatlantic relationship. His diplomatic strategy was structured around projecting Spain as a more influential player on the global geopolitical stage, reinforcing its presence in the international order, and consolidating its role within the Western bloc, with the aim of securing greater influence in global strategic dynamics.