Construcción de indicadores basada en medidas de similitud con ideales. Una aplicación al cálculo de índices de adecuación y de excelencia

Abstract

We build synthetic indicators which allow the measurement of the adequacy and excellence degree (absolute and relative) of the analyzed alternatives. Once each alternative is evaluated with respect to the considered criteria, the calculation of the indicators can present two difficulties: On one hand, the nature of the data (numerical, intervalar and linguistic values are mixed), and on the other hand, the objective of each criterion (which does not have to be to reach the maximum or minimum values). We propose a method, based on similarity measures with prefixed ideals, which is capable to overcome these difficulties and that is also able to provide information easy to be interpreted regarding adequacy and excellence. In order to show the utility of the method we apply it to a dataset from students of the Industrial University of Santander (Colombia), collected during the last five semesters at Bucaramanga’s Campus. With this real case, we show how our proposal generalizes the excellence indicator ILSAE (Parada et al., 2015). Moreover, we show how the obtained values for the proposed indices can facilitate strategic institutional decisions.